Difference between revisions of "Softening"
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
==Softening leather== | ==Softening leather== | ||
| − | Consumers always touch leather first. Is it soft, warm, natural? Consumers | + | Consumers always touch leather first. Is it soft, warm, natural? Consumers want soft [[leather clothing|garment leather]], as well as [[car leather|car]] or [[leather furniture|furniture leather]]. Leather in most cases should be as [[Haptic evaluation of leather surfaces|soft and natural]] as possible. The tanner achieves this through various processes. |
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
==Tumbling== | ==Tumbling== | ||
| − | The process of softening the leather fibres | + | The process of softening the leather fibres is achieved by a rotating movement in a narrow, high, rotating barrel. This is necessary because the leather fibres stick together during [[Drying leather|drying]], making the leather feel firmer. Also the [[finish]] on the leather makes it stiffer and must be softened. Short rods and steps in the barrels reinforce the movement of the leather. |
| Line 32: | Line 32: | ||
==Stacking - Stacker - Stacking machine== | ==Stacking - Stacker - Stacking machine== | ||
| − | + | Stacking also makes [[leather]] softer by softening the leather fibres. A stacker (stacking machine) has two plates with knobs and opposite recesses. Constant vibration ensures the leather is punctually pressed into the recesses by the knobs causing the fibre to stretch. This method stretches and softens the leather so that the [[Measures and weights|total surface]] of the hide increases. Stacking also reinforces the [[Leather grain - Grain side|grain pattern]] and reduces [[looseness]]. | |
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
==Softening leather by hands== | ==Softening leather by hands== | ||
| − | Wet leather is often stiff once dry. The leather fibres stick together during drying and the easiest way is to wipe the leather when it is still slightly moist. Then the fibres can be loosened more easily than waiting until the leather is | + | Wet leather is often stiff once dry. The leather fibres stick together during drying and the easiest way is to wipe the leather when it is still slightly moist. Then the fibres can be loosened more easily, rather than waiting until the leather is completely dry. However, dried leather fibres can also be softened by wiping. |
For light leather clothing, it is enough to wipe, rub, knead and pull the leather with the hands. Alternatively, the clothing can also be placed in the dryer with cold air and tennis balls. This method replicates the tumbling process in the [[tannery]]. [[Leather suits|Motorcycle suits]] are too big for that. | For light leather clothing, it is enough to wipe, rub, knead and pull the leather with the hands. Alternatively, the clothing can also be placed in the dryer with cold air and tennis balls. This method replicates the tumbling process in the [[tannery]]. [[Leather suits|Motorcycle suits]] are too big for that. | ||
| − | To soften [[leather furniture|furniture]] or [[car leather]], hold | + | To soften [[leather furniture|furniture]] or [[car leather]], hold the neck of an empty glass bottle with one hand and roll the leather softer with the lower edge of the bottle by pressing and rolling with the second hand. The rolling movement ensures the surface is not [[leather damages|damaged by abrasion]]. |
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 73: | Line 73: | ||
! bgcolor=#eeeeee | [[Leather production|Process steps in the leather production]] | ! bgcolor=#eeeeee | [[Leather production|Process steps in the leather production]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | bgcolor=#ffffff align=center | [[storage of leather| | + | | bgcolor=#ffffff align=center | [[storage of leather|Storage]] - [[soaking]] - [[Liming - Leather Tanning|liming]] - [[Fleshing - Making of leather|fleshing]] - [[Split leather|splitting]] - [[pickling]] - [[Tanning leather|tanning]] - [[neutralising]] - [[Drying leather|withering]] - [[Leather production#Sorting|sorting]] - [[shaving]] - [[Leather production#Dyeing (through colouring) and fatliquoring|dyeing (through colouring) and fatliquoring]] - [[Drying leather|drying]] - [[finish]] - [[softening]] - [[Leather quality|final check]] |
|} | |} | ||
</center> | </center> | ||
Revision as of 06:24, 28 April 2017
Contents
Softening leather
Consumers always touch leather first. Is it soft, warm, natural? Consumers want soft garment leather, as well as car or furniture leather. Leather in most cases should be as soft and natural as possible. The tanner achieves this through various processes.
Tumbling
The process of softening the leather fibres is achieved by a rotating movement in a narrow, high, rotating barrel. This is necessary because the leather fibres stick together during drying, making the leather feel firmer. Also the finish on the leather makes it stiffer and must be softened. Short rods and steps in the barrels reinforce the movement of the leather.
The drums are narrow and the fibres are additionally loosened by rods or steps when rotating in the walking barrel
Stacking - Stacker - Stacking machine
Stacking also makes leather softer by softening the leather fibres. A stacker (stacking machine) has two plates with knobs and opposite recesses. Constant vibration ensures the leather is punctually pressed into the recesses by the knobs causing the fibre to stretch. This method stretches and softens the leather so that the total surface of the hide increases. Stacking also reinforces the grain pattern and reduces looseness.
The stacking machine softens the leather.
Softening leather by hands
Wet leather is often stiff once dry. The leather fibres stick together during drying and the easiest way is to wipe the leather when it is still slightly moist. Then the fibres can be loosened more easily, rather than waiting until the leather is completely dry. However, dried leather fibres can also be softened by wiping.
For light leather clothing, it is enough to wipe, rub, knead and pull the leather with the hands. Alternatively, the clothing can also be placed in the dryer with cold air and tennis balls. This method replicates the tumbling process in the tannery. Motorcycle suits are too big for that.
To soften furniture or car leather, hold the neck of an empty glass bottle with one hand and roll the leather softer with the lower edge of the bottle by pressing and rolling with the second hand. The rolling movement ensures the surface is not damaged by abrasion.
-> COLOURLOCK - THE TREATMENT OF HARDENED LEATHER
-> In German: www.lederzentrum.de
-> Rest of the world: partners worldwide
Video about leather production
The leather production in a modern tannery.
| Process steps in the leather production |
|---|
| Storage - soaking - liming - fleshing - splitting - pickling - tanning - neutralising - withering - sorting - shaving - dyeing (through colouring) and fatliquoring - drying - finish - softening - final check |
| Tanning methods |
|---|
| Chrome tanning - Vegetable-tanned leather - Synthetic tanning - Tanning with fats and oils |
a kotori web solution