Difference between revisions of "Shaving"
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| − | + | ==Shaving or skiving leather== | |
| + | The [[leather]] has to reach the desired [[Thickness of leather|thickness]] in the [[tannery]]. To achieve this, the skin is first [[Split leather|split]] on the splitting machine. Next a shaving machine, comprising knives arranged in a spiral formation, shaves the [[flesh side]] of the leather until the appropriate thickness is obtained. The fibres are cut to an even thickness. When shaving, the leather must contain residual moisture so that the shaving is even. The water content in each skin and across all skins must be the same in order to achieve equally good results. The process of shaving is also called "skiving". | ||
| − | + | The shaved leather fibres are then pressed and undergo a waste treatment process e.g. incineration. In some cases, shaved leather fibres are also used to produce [[bonded leather]]. | |
| + | |||
| + | The accuracy of skiving is controlled by the moisture content of the leather, the set thickness per pass, the sharpening of the skiving knife, and the feed speed during entry into the skiving machine. A study found that the cutting speed of the skiving cylinder also affects the accuracy. Machines with a speed of 24.5m/s to 27.5m/s resulted in significantly better results for tough and elastic leather fiber structures compared to machines with a speed of 16.5m/s to 18.5m/s. | ||
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| + | After shaving, the outer contour is trimmed if necessary if there are damaged areas. The trimming is done sparingly so as not to remove any usable area. | ||
<p align=center> | <p align=center> | ||
| − | [[bild:Falzen-02.jpg| | + | [[bild:Falzen-02.jpg|500px]] |
| − | + | ||
</p> | </p> | ||
<p align=center> | <p align=center> | ||
| − | '' | + | [[bild:Shaving_tannery.jpg|500px]] |
| + | </p> | ||
| + | <p align=center> | ||
| + | ''Shaving. Checking the [[Thickness of leather|thickness]].''<br></p> | ||
<p> </p> | <p> </p> | ||
<p align=center> | <p align=center> | ||
| − | [[bild: | + | [[bild:Shaving leather fibres.jpg|500px]] |
</p> | </p> | ||
<p align=center> | <p align=center> | ||
| − | '' | + | ''Leather fibres are shaved.''<br></p> |
<p> </p> | <p> </p> | ||
| − | == | + | == [[Leather videos|Video]] about the [[leather production]]== |
| − | + | ||
<p align=center> | <p align=center> | ||
| − | <flashow> | + | <flashow>//www.youtube.com/v/-qn5R8dKcss&fs=1&color1=0x660000&color2=0x550000&border=1|width=500|height=281,25</flashow></p> |
| − | </p> | + | |
<p align=center> | <p align=center> | ||
| − | '' | + | ''The leather production in a modern [[tannery]].'' |
</p> | </p> | ||
| − | + | ==Additional information== | |
| − | + | * [[Thickness of leather]] | |
| − | + | * [[Measures and weights]] | |
| − | == | + | * [[Leather waste]] |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Bonded leather]] |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Artificial leather with leather fibres on the reverse]] |
<center> | <center> | ||
{| {{Prettytable}} | {| {{Prettytable}} | ||
| − | ! bgcolor=#eeeeee | | + | ! bgcolor=#eeeeee | [[Leather production|Process steps in the leather production]] |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | bgcolor=#ffffff align=center | [[ | + | | bgcolor=#ffffff align=center | [[storage of leather|storage]] - [[soaking]] - [[Liming - Leather Tanning|liming]] - [[Fleshing - Making of leather|fleshing]] - [[Split leather|splitting]] - [[pickling]] - [[Tanning leather|tanning]] - [[neutralising]] - [[Drying leather|withering]] - [[Leather production#Sorting|sorting]] - shaving - [[Leather production#Dyeing - Fatliquoring - Re-tanning|dyeing - fatliquoring - retanning]] - [[Drying leather|drying]] - [[finish]] - [[softening]] - [[Leather quality|final check]] |
|} | |} | ||
</center> | </center> | ||
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<center> | <center> | ||
{| {{Prettytable}} | {| {{Prettytable}} | ||
| − | ! bgcolor=#eeeeee | | + | ! bgcolor=#eeeeee | [[Tanning leather|Tanning]] methods |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | bgcolor=#ffffff align=center | [[ | + | | bgcolor=#ffffff align=center | [[Chrome tanned|Chrome tanning]] - [[Vegetable-tanned leather]] - [[Synthetic tanned|Synthetic tanning]] - [[Tanning with fats and oils]] |
|} | |} | ||
</center> | </center> | ||
Latest revision as of 16:37, 13 July 2023
Shaving or skiving leather
The leather has to reach the desired thickness in the tannery. To achieve this, the skin is first split on the splitting machine. Next a shaving machine, comprising knives arranged in a spiral formation, shaves the flesh side of the leather until the appropriate thickness is obtained. The fibres are cut to an even thickness. When shaving, the leather must contain residual moisture so that the shaving is even. The water content in each skin and across all skins must be the same in order to achieve equally good results. The process of shaving is also called "skiving".
The shaved leather fibres are then pressed and undergo a waste treatment process e.g. incineration. In some cases, shaved leather fibres are also used to produce bonded leather.
The accuracy of skiving is controlled by the moisture content of the leather, the set thickness per pass, the sharpening of the skiving knife, and the feed speed during entry into the skiving machine. A study found that the cutting speed of the skiving cylinder also affects the accuracy. Machines with a speed of 24.5m/s to 27.5m/s resulted in significantly better results for tough and elastic leather fiber structures compared to machines with a speed of 16.5m/s to 18.5m/s.
After shaving, the outer contour is trimmed if necessary if there are damaged areas. The trimming is done sparingly so as not to remove any usable area.
Shaving. Checking the thickness.
Leather fibres are shaved.
Video about the leather production
The leather production in a modern tannery.
Additional information
- Thickness of leather
- Measures and weights
- Leather waste
- Bonded leather
- Artificial leather with leather fibres on the reverse
| Process steps in the leather production |
|---|
| storage - soaking - liming - fleshing - splitting - pickling - tanning - neutralising - withering - sorting - shaving - dyeing - fatliquoring - retanning - drying - finish - softening - final check |
| Tanning methods |
|---|
| Chrome tanning - Vegetable-tanned leather - Synthetic tanning - Tanning with fats and oils |
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